Active Ingredient

Disulfiram

Disulfiram is a medication commonly used to support the treatment of chronic alcoholism. It works by creating an unpleasant reaction to alcohol, which helps individuals who are trying to abstain from drinking.

This medication is often part of a comprehensive treatment plan that includes counseling and support.

Written By Douglas C. Goldberg, MD

Reviewed By Philip Schein, MD

Last Updated 28 Nov 2025

Available Disulfiram Brands

Antabuse

Strengths 250mg, 500mg

Disulfiram Uses

Disulfiram is primarily used in the management of alcohol dependence. It is intended to discourage alcohol consumption by causing adverse effects when alcohol is ingested.

Support for alcohol abstinence.
Part of a comprehensive treatment program for alcoholism.
Deterrent therapy for individuals with alcohol use disorder.

How Disulfiram Works

Disulfiram works by inhibiting the enzyme aldehyde dehydrogenase. This enzyme is responsible for metabolizing alcohol in the body.

When alcohol is consumed, it is converted into acetaldehyde, a toxic substance that is normally broken down by aldehyde dehydrogenase. Disulfiram blocks this breakdown, leading to an accumulation of acetaldehyde.

This accumulation causes unpleasant symptoms, discouraging further alcohol intake.

Common side effects of Disulfiram

Not everyone will experience side effects from Disulfiram, and many side effects are mild and temporary. However, it is important to be aware of them.

Drowsiness
Headache
Metallic or garlic-like taste
Skin rash
Acne
Fatigue
Nerve inflammation

If you experience serious or persistent side effects, contact your doctor for advice.

Avoid consuming any alcohol or alcohol-containing products while taking Disulfiram.
Inform your doctor about any other medications or supplements you are taking to avoid interactions.
Do not use Disulfiram if you have severe heart disease, psychosis, or are pregnant.
Be aware of potential reactions with even small amounts of alcohol, such as in food or toiletries.
Monitor for any unusual symptoms and report them to your healthcare provider.

Always consult your doctor before starting or stopping any medication.

Frequently Asked Questions

How does Disulfiram help with alcohol dependence?

Disulfiram helps by causing unpleasant reactions when alcohol is consumed, deterring further drinking.

Can I drink alcohol while taking Disulfiram?

No, consuming alcohol while on Disulfiram can cause severe reactions and should be avoided.

What should I do if I accidentally consume alcohol while on Disulfiram?

Seek immediate medical attention if you experience a reaction after consuming alcohol.

How long does Disulfiram stay in the body?

Disulfiram can affect alcohol metabolism for up to two weeks after the last dose.

Can Disulfiram be used with other medications?

It’s important to discuss all medications with your doctor, as Disulfiram may interact with certain drugs.