Active Ingredient

Ethambutol

Ethambutol is a medication used to treat tuberculosis, a serious infection caused by bacteria that primarily affects the lungs. It is usually part of a combination therapy, meaning it is used alongside other medications to effectively combat the infection.

By helping to stop the growth of bacteria, Ethambutol plays a crucial role in controlling and treating tuberculosis.

Written By Douglas C. Goldberg, MD

Reviewed By Philip Schein, MD

Last Updated 28 Nov 2025

Available Ethambutol Brands

Myambutol

Strengths 200 mg, 400mg, 600mg, 800mg

Ethambutol Uses

Ethambutol is primarily used in the treatment of tuberculosis. It is effective when used in combination with other medications.

Treatment of active pulmonary tuberculosis
Prevention of tuberculosis in individuals exposed to the bacteria
Treatment of extrapulmonary tuberculosis (affecting organs other than the lungs)

How Ethambutol Works

Ethambutol works by inhibiting the synthesis of the bacterial cell wall, which is essential for the bacteria’s survival and growth. This action helps to stop the bacteria from multiplying.

By targeting the bacteria’s cell wall, Ethambutol helps to reduce the bacterial load in the body, allowing the immune system and other medications to work more effectively.

Common side effects of Ethambutol

Not everyone taking Ethambutol will experience side effects, and many of them are mild and temporary. However, it is important to be aware of possible reactions.

Nausea
Loss of appetite
Stomach upset
Dizziness
Blurred vision
Joint pain
Skin rash

If you experience serious or persistent side effects, contact your doctor for advice.

Inform your doctor if you have any vision problems before starting Ethambutol.
Avoid alcohol while taking Ethambutol, as it can increase the risk of liver damage.
Regular eye exams may be recommended to monitor vision changes.
Do not stop taking Ethambutol without consulting your healthcare provider, even if you feel better.
Report any unusual symptoms, such as changes in vision or severe joint pain, to your doctor immediately.

Always consult your healthcare provider for personalized advice and guidance.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is Ethambutol used for?

Ethambutol is used to treat tuberculosis, often in combination with other medications.

How does Ethambutol work?

It works by inhibiting the synthesis of the bacterial cell wall, stopping the bacteria from multiplying.

Are there any common side effects of Ethambutol?

Common side effects include nausea, stomach upset, dizziness, and blurred vision.

Can Ethambutol affect vision?

Yes, Ethambutol can cause vision changes, so regular eye exams may be necessary.

Can I drink alcohol while taking Ethambutol?

It’s best to avoid alcohol as it can increase the risk of liver damage while on Ethambutol.