Active Ingredient

Melphalan

Melphalan is a medication used primarily in the treatment of certain types of cancer. It belongs to a class of drugs known as alkylating agents, which are used to interfere with the growth of cancer cells.

This drug is often prescribed for patients with specific blood cancers and is administered under the guidance of a healthcare professional.

Written By Douglas C. Goldberg, MD

Reviewed By Philip Schein, MD

Last Updated 28 Nov 2025

Available Melphalan Brands

Alkeran

Strengths 2 mg

Melphalan Uses

Melphalan is typically used in the management of various cancer conditions. It is important to follow a doctor’s advice regarding its use.

Treatment of multiple myeloma
Management of ovarian cancer
Therapy for breast cancer
Treatment of amyloidosis

How Melphalan Works

Melphalan works by damaging the DNA of cancer cells, which prevents them from multiplying and growing. This action helps to slow down or stop the spread of cancer in the body.

As an alkylating agent, it forms cross-links between DNA strands, disrupting the cancer cells’ ability to divide and reproduce.

Common side effects of Melphalan

Not everyone will experience side effects from Melphalan, and many side effects are mild and temporary. However, it’s important to be aware of them.

Nausea and vomiting
Diarrhea
Hair loss
Fatigue
Decreased appetite
Mouth sores
Low blood cell counts

If you experience serious or persistent side effects, contact your doctor immediately.

Regular blood tests may be required to monitor your health during treatment.
Avoid consuming alcohol in large quantities while taking this medication.
Inform your doctor about any other medications or supplements you are taking to avoid interactions.
Do not use Melphalan if you have any signs of infection or severe liver or kidney problems without consulting your doctor.
Stay hydrated and maintain a balanced diet to help manage side effects.

Always consult your doctor for personalized medical advice and before making any changes to your treatment plan.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is Melphalan used for?

Melphalan is used for the treatment of certain types of cancer, such as multiple myeloma and ovarian cancer.

How does Melphalan work?

Melphalan works by damaging the DNA of cancer cells, preventing them from growing and multiplying.

Can Melphalan cause side effects?

Yes, like many medications, Melphalan can cause side effects, including nausea, fatigue, and hair loss.

Is it safe to drink alcohol while taking Melphalan?

It is advisable to avoid consuming large amounts of alcohol while taking Melphalan. Discuss with your doctor for more guidance.

Should I avoid any foods or beverages while on Melphalan?

There are no specific foods to avoid, but maintaining a balanced diet is recommended. Consult your healthcare provider for personalized advice.