Active Ingredient

Azathioprine

Azathioprine is a medication that belongs to a class of drugs known as immunosuppressants. It is used to help manage certain medical conditions by reducing the activity of the immune system.

This medication is commonly prescribed for patients with autoimmune diseases or those who have undergone organ transplants.

Written By Douglas C. Goldberg, MD

Reviewed By Philip Schein, MD

Last Updated 28 Nov 2025

Available Azathioprine Brands

Imuran

Strengths 25 mg, 50mg

Azathioprine Uses

Azathioprine is typically used to manage conditions where the immune system is overactive.

Rheumatoid arthritis
Crohn’s disease
Ulcerative colitis
Prevention of organ transplant rejection
Lupus

How Azathioprine Works

Azathioprine works by suppressing the immune system, which helps to reduce inflammation and prevent damage to healthy tissues. This is particularly useful in autoimmune conditions where the body’s immune system attacks its own cells.

By inhibiting the production of certain cells involved in the immune response, Azathioprine helps to control symptoms and prevent disease progression.

Common side effects of Azathioprine

While not everyone experiences side effects, some individuals may notice mild and temporary reactions.

Nausea
Vomiting
Diarrhea
Loss of appetite
Fatigue
Rash
Fever
Increased risk of infections

If you experience serious or persistent side effects, it’s important to contact your doctor.

Regular blood tests are important to monitor your body’s response to Azathioprine.
Avoid excessive alcohol consumption while taking this medication.
Inform your doctor of any other medications or supplements you are taking to avoid interactions.
Do not use if you have a known allergy to Azathioprine or similar drugs.
Report any unusual symptoms or signs of infection to your healthcare provider promptly.

Always consult your doctor for personalized medical advice and guidance.

Frequently Asked Questions

What does Azathioprine do?

Azathioprine helps reduce the activity of the immune system, which can be beneficial in treating autoimmune diseases and preventing organ rejection.

How long does it take for Azathioprine to work?

The effects of Azathioprine may take several weeks to become noticeable. It’s important to continue taking it as prescribed by your doctor.

Can I drink alcohol while taking Azathioprine?

It’s advisable to limit alcohol consumption while on Azathioprine, as it can affect your liver and overall health. Discuss with your doctor for more guidance.

Are there any foods I should avoid while taking Azathioprine?

There are no specific foods to avoid, but maintaining a balanced diet is important. Consult your doctor for personalized dietary advice.

Can Azathioprine cause hair loss?

Hair loss is a less common side effect of Azathioprine. If you experience this or any other unusual symptoms, contact your healthcare provider.