Active Ingredient

Chloramphenicol

Chloramphenicol is an antibiotic used to treat a variety of bacterial infections. It works by stopping the growth of bacteria, helping to resolve infections.

This medication is often reserved for serious infections where other antibiotics may not be effective.

Written By Douglas C. Goldberg, MD

Reviewed By Philip Schein, MD

Last Updated 28 Nov 2025

Available Chloramphenicol Brands

Chloramphenicol

Strengths 500mg

Chloromycetin

Strengths 500mg

Chloramphenicol Uses

Chloramphenicol is typically used for treating infections caused by bacteria. It may be prescribed in the following situations:

Severe respiratory tract infections
Typhoid fever
Serious eye infections
Infections of the central nervous system
Serious skin infections

How Chloramphenicol Works

Chloramphenicol works by inhibiting bacterial protein synthesis. It does this by binding to the bacterial ribosome, preventing the bacteria from producing proteins necessary for their growth and multiplication.

This action helps to control the spread of the infection and allows the body’s immune system to eliminate the bacteria.

Common side effects of Chloramphenicol

Not everyone will experience side effects from Chloramphenicol, and many side effects are mild and temporary. Common side effects may include:

Nausea
Vomiting
Diarrhea
Headache
Stomach upset
Rash
Fever

If you experience serious or persistent symptoms, contact your doctor.

Monitor for any unusual symptoms and report them to your healthcare provider.
Avoid consuming large amounts of alcohol while taking this medication.
Do not use Chloramphenicol if you have a history of bone marrow problems.
Inform your doctor of any other medications you are taking to avoid potential interactions.
Follow your healthcare provider’s instructions carefully and complete the full course of the medication.

Always consult your doctor or pharmacist for personalized medical advice.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is Chloramphenicol used for?

Chloramphenicol is used to treat serious bacterial infections when other antibiotics may not be effective.

How long does it take for Chloramphenicol to work?

The time it takes to see improvement can vary, but you should follow your doctor’s instructions and complete the prescribed course.

Can I drink alcohol while taking Chloramphenicol?

It is advisable to avoid large amounts of alcohol while taking this medication, as it may increase the risk of side effects.

Are there any common side effects of Chloramphenicol?

Common side effects include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and headache. Contact your doctor if you experience persistent or severe symptoms.

Is it safe to use Chloramphenicol during pregnancy?

You should discuss the risks and benefits with your doctor if you are pregnant or planning to become pregnant while using this medication.