Hydrochlorothiazide

Hydrochlorothiazide is a medication commonly used to help manage fluid retention and high blood pressure. It belongs to a class of drugs known as thiazide diuretics.

This medication helps your body get rid of excess salt and water, which can be beneficial in treating conditions like hypertension and edema.

Information about Hydrochlorothiazide

Hydrochlorothiazide Uses

Hydrochlorothiazide is typically used to treat a variety of conditions related to fluid retention and high blood pressure.

High blood pressure (hypertension)
Fluid retention (edema) associated with heart failure
Edema associated with liver cirrhosis
Edema due to kidney disorders
Prevention of kidney stones in certain cases

How Hydrochlorothiazide Works

Hydrochlorothiazide works by helping your kidneys remove excess salt and water from your body. This process reduces the volume of fluid in your blood vessels.

By decreasing the fluid volume, it helps to lower blood pressure and reduce swelling and fluid retention.

As a thiazide diuretic, it acts on the distal convoluted tubule in the kidneys, reducing sodium reabsorption.

Common side effects of Hydrochlorothiazide

Not everyone experiences side effects from Hydrochlorothiazide, and many are mild and temporary. However, some common side effects can occur.

Dizziness or lightheadedness
Increased urination
Electrolyte imbalance (such as low potassium)
Stomach upset
Headache
Muscle cramps
Fatigue or weakness

If you experience serious or persistent symptoms, contact your doctor.

CONTENT DETAILS

Written By

Douglas C. Goldberg, MD

Reviewed By

Philip Schein, MD

Last updated

28 Nov 2025 | 03:00 PM (UTC)

Medicine brands for Hydrochlorothiazide

Hydrocl
Dosage: 12.5mg, 25mg
from $35.009 variant(s)
Aquazide
Dosage: 12-5-mg, 25-mg
from $12.006 variant(s)
Hydrochlorothiazide
Dosage: 25mg
from $35.005 variant(s)

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Expert advice for Hydrochlorothiazide

Monitor your blood pressure regularly while taking this medication.
Stay hydrated and maintain a balanced diet to manage electrolyte levels.
Avoid excessive alcohol consumption as it may increase certain side effects.
Inform your doctor of any other medications you are taking to avoid interactions.
Do not use this medication if you experience severe kidney or liver issues without consulting a healthcare professional.

Always consult your doctor for personalized medical advice.

Frequently Asked Questions

How quickly does Hydrochlorothiazide start working?

Hydrochlorothiazide usually begins to work within a few hours after taking it. However, it may take several days to see the full effect on blood pressure.

Can Hydrochlorothiazide cause dehydration?

Yes, because it increases urination, it can lead to dehydration if fluid intake is not sufficient. It’s important to drink enough water while on this medication.

Is it safe to take Hydrochlorothiazide with other blood pressure medications?

Hydrochlorothiazide is often used in combination with other blood pressure medications. Always consult your doctor to ensure safe use with other medications.

Can I drink alcohol while taking Hydrochlorothiazide?

It’s advisable to limit alcohol consumption as it can increase certain side effects like dizziness. Consult your doctor for more guidance.

What should I do if I miss a dose of Hydrochlorothiazide?

If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. If it’s almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose. Do not double up on doses.