Lithium

Common use

Lithium is a mood stabilizer used primarily to treat bipolar disorder, helping to control episodes of mania, hypomania, and depression. It helps reduce the frequency and severity of mood swings and is often used long-term to prevent relapse. Lithium is also prescribed off-label for treatment-resistant depression and certain aggressive or impulsive behaviors. Its exact mechanism is not fully understood, but it is believed to influence neurotransmitter activity in the brain.

Dosage and direction

Lithium is usually taken two to three times daily, depending on the formulation and individual treatment plan. Dosage is personalized based on blood lithium levels, kidney function, and clinical response. It’s important to take lithium at the same times each day and stay well hydrated. Do not change your dose or stop taking it without consulting your healthcare provider.

Precautions

Contraindications

Possible side effect

Common side effects include nausea, tremor, increased thirst, frequent urination, and weight gain. More serious effects may include thyroid dysfunction, kidney issues, or signs of lithium toxicity (e.g., confusion, coordination problems, severe tremors). Long-term use may affect kidney or thyroid health. Seek immediate medical help if signs of toxicity appear.

Drug interaction

Lithium interacts with NSAIDs, ACE inhibitors, diuretics, and some antidepressants, which can increase lithium levels and toxicity risk. Caffeine, salt intake, and dehydration can also affect drug levels. Always inform your doctor about all medications, including over-the-counter drugs and supplements. Avoid alcohol and recreational drugs while on lithium.

Missed dose

Overdose

Storage

Disclaimer

We provide only general information about medications which does not cover all directions, possible drug integrations, or precautions. Information at the site cannot be used for self-treatment and self-diagnosis. Any specific instructions for a particular patient should be agreed with your health care adviser or doctor in charge of the case. We disclaim reliability of this information and mistakes it could contain. We are not responsible for any direct, indirect, special or other indirect damage as a result of any use of the information on this site and also for consequences of self-treatment.